| The law of conversation of mass may be | | | | change in the mass of the substances being |
| demonstrated by the union of hydrogen (H2) and | | | | changed. For example, in iron (Fe) increase in |
| oxygen (O2) to form water. If the H2 and O2 | | | | weight on rusting in because of its combination |
| are weighted before they unite it will be found | | | | with oxygen from the air and the increase in |
| their combined weight is equal to the weight of | | | | weight is exactly equal to the weight of oxygen |
| water (H2O) formed. | | | | combined. The French chemist Lavosier, (1785) |
| Chemistry deals with the matter and the changes | | | | tired to learn about chemical changes by weighing |
| occurring in it, chemists are particularly interested | | | | the quantities of substances used in chemical |
| in these changes, where one or more substances | | | | reaction. He found that when a chemical reaction |
| are changed in to quite different substances. They | | | | was carried out in a closed system, the total |
| had found that these chemical changes are | | | | weight of the system was not changed. The |
| governed by some empirical laws known as laws | | | | most important reaction that Lavosier performed |
| of chemical combinations. | | | | was the decomposition of the red oxide of |
| These laws are: | | | | mercury to from metallic mercury and and a gas, |
| 1. Law of conservation of mass. | | | | he named this gas as oxygen. Lavosier |
| 2. Law of constant composition (or) Law of | | | | summarised his finding by formulating a law, which |
| definite proportions | | | | is known as law of conversation mass. It states |
| 3. Law of multiple proportions | | | | that mass is neither created nor destroyed during |
| 4. Law of reciprocal proportions. | | | | a reaction. In other words, in any chemical |
| Matter under goes changes. However, it has been | | | | reaction the initial weight of reacting substances is |
| found that in all chemical changes, there is no | | | | equal to the final weight of the products. |