How to Teach Reading Comprehension

Reading is the most important element of a child'swe do not squash that natural desire.
education because it is a precursor to everyUnknowingly, and with good intentions many
other subject. Fall short in this one, and one willeducators/ parents squash children's natural desire
struggle with other subjects. Yet if a child is notto learn in the following ways:
comprehending, he finds himself in much the same1. A very common mistake in the attempt to
predicament. It is no wonder that parents/build self esteem is to make sure the child does
educators are in search of answers to thisnot struggle with adversity. We often want our
question.children to have it easier than we did. However
Working with children over the years I havestudies show that when a child meets adversity,
discovered some very useful information:and is able to overcome he/ she develops an
First of all it is important that a child master someamazing degree of inner strength and confidence.
degree of reading before teaching comprehension.The movie "Rudy", which is a true story, explains
Teaching division before addition and subtraction isthis phenomenon very well. Rudy Ruettiger was a
out of step. Teaching comprehension beforeyoung man who met many obstacles because of
teaching some degree of reading is the same. Sohis small stature. However those struggles helped
I teach children to read one or more early readerhim to developed a strength and confidence that
books (preferably more) before teaching them tomade him try and try when others might have
understand what they are reading.given up. Many of his high school classmates who
For example; I had my first group reading veryhad things much easier often gave up far easier
efficiently only to discover they had no idea whatthan Rudy. Thus many of them, as adults, did not
they had just read. So I had them read a fewaccomplish as much.
sentences, and then act out the scene described2. At the opposite end of the spectrum, we do
in the book. Permit me to tell you the story.not want to continually set children up for failure
The group was taking turns reading aloud, "Samby expecting them to read adult books before
ran. Dan ran." I replied, "OK, who is going to belearning to read at their own level. Likewise it is
Sam, and who is going to be Dan?" It is importantbest to have them comfortable with phonics, and
to allow them to take the leadership role. Toosome degree of reading before teaching
often adults want to do the work (or give thecomprehension. Take things in logical steps.
answer) which subtracts from the learning3. This one is most common. Many times we ask
experience. Two young volunteers excitedlya question only to get dead silence. It is so
stepped forward..."I'll be Dan." I'll be Sam."tempting to fill in that time by giving the answer,
However when I asked them to act out whatbut far wiser to wait in complete silence. When
they had just read, they looked at me and theirwe do someone usually fills in the silence by giving
pears with a bewildered look. They had no ideathe answer, or asks a question about what we
what to do. Wanting to create self-confidence, Imeant. This teaches them the power to find
simply had them read the two sentences again,answers.
and encouraged the whole group (not me) to4. When a child asks us a question it is all to easy
take charge of the needed action to completeto give them the answer. However if we ask
the task.them a seriez of questions that help them
It was more fun to watch them in action. Onediscover the answer on his own they learn a
child stood up, put his hands on the shoulders ofgreat deal more. In ancient times Plato proved an
one of the actors, gave him a gentle push, andimportant point along these lines. He was
told him to run. We continued in this mannerexplaining to his colleagues that knowledge comes
through the whole book.from within. "Oh no, no, no", replied his colleagues.
Young children love this activity because it isThey added that a person is not born with
geared to their natural tendencies. Have you everknowledge, and it must be given to them.
noticed how many hours they spend role playing?To prove his point Plato had a 5 year old child
This is a natural way for them to learn. So usebrought to the meeting. When the child arrived
that natural tendency to teach. We continued toPlato began asking him questions, but giving no
do this activity with several more books. Theyinformation. At the end of the demonstration of
were eager to participate, and became more andprogressive questioning the little boy solved a
more skilled at it.very complicated algebra problem proving Plato's
Eventually I simply began asking each child to tellstatement that knowledge comes from within.
me what he had just read. At first they wantedIn conclusion, it is our job to show children that
to rely on the role playing, which I graduallythe power to learn is within themselves. It is not
weaned them off of. Soon they realized theysomething we must cram into them. This
would be asked the question, and made sure theyapproach makes one far more successful at
were prepared to answer successfully. Childrenteaching.
naturally want to learn, and succeed as long as